Ese uzi impamvu bahemba batatu ba mbere gusa mu marushanwa?

Umuco wo guhemba abatsinze mu marushanwa watangiye kera cyane, mbere y’uko haba amarushanwa agezweho azwi muri iki gihe. Mu Bugereki bwa kera, ahari inkomoko y’imikino ya Olempike yatangiye mu mwaka wa 776 mbere ya Yezu Kristu, ntabwo bahembaga abantu batatu. Icyo gihe uwabaga uwa mbere ni we wenyine wahabwaga icyubahiro gikomeye, akambikwa ikamba riboshye mu mashami y’igiti cya elayo nk’ikimenyetso cy’ubutwari n’intsinzi.

Nyuma y’aho, uko amarushanwa yakwirakwiraga mu bindi bihugu no mu bindi byiciro by’ubuzima, abantu batangiye kubona ko n’abegukanye imyanya ikurikiraho baba bagaragaje ubushobozi budasanzwe. Ibyo byatumye mu kinyejana cya 19 no mu ntangiriro z’icya 20, amarushanwa menshi atangira gutekereza uburyo bwo guha agaciro abaje inyuma y’uwatsinze.

Impinduka zikomeye zabaye mu mikino ya Olempike yo mu bihe bya none yatangiye mu 1896. Mu marushanwa yakurikiyeho, cyane cyane guhera mu mikino yabereye i St. Louis muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika mu 1904, ni bwo gahunda yo gutanga imidali ya zahabu ku wa mbere, ifeza ku wa kabiri n’umuringa ku wa gatatu yatangiye kuba ihame. Uwo muco ni wo wakomeje gukwirakwira no mu yandi marushanwa menshi ku isi.

Abasesenguzi bavuga ko impamvu nyamukuru yo guhitamo abantu batatu ari uko bitanga urwego rwiza rwo gutandukanya abahize abandi, ariko ntibikabye ku buryo ibihembo byinshi byatakaza agaciro. Uwa mbere agaragaza intsinzi nyakuri, uwa kabiri akerekana ko yari hafi cyane yo gutsinda, naho uwa gatatu akaba aba yagaragaje ko ari mu beza kurusha abandi bose basigaye.

Hari n’indi mpamvu ishingiye ku buryo abantu babasha kwibuka amakuru. Mu mitekerereze ya muntu, umubare wa gatatu ufatwa nk’uworoshye kwibuka kandi woroheje gutanga ishusho y’abahize abandi. Ni yo mpamvu no mu zindi nzego usanga ibintu byinshi bitegurwa mu byiciro bitatu.

Ku rundi ruhande, impamvu z’ubukungu n’imitegurire y’amarushanwa na zo zifite uruhare. Guhemba abantu batatu gusa bituma ibiciro by’amarushanwa bitazamuka cyane, ariko nanone bikagumana ishema n’ihiganwa rikomeye hagati y’abayitabiriye.

Nubwo bimeze bityo, hari amarushanwa amwe n’amwe atajya agarukira ku ba mbere batatu. Mu marushanwa y’ubumenyi, ubushakashatsi, ubuvanganzo cyangwa ikoranabuhanga, hari aho bahemba abantu benshi cyangwa amakipe menshi bitewe n’intego z’ayo marushanwa. Hari n’aho hatangwa ibihembo byihariye nk’icy’umukinnyi witwaye neza, uwagaragaje impano idasanzwe cyangwa uwakoze udushya.

Icyakora, n’iyo haba hari ibihembo by’inyongera, imyanya itatu ya mbere ni yo ikomeza gufatwa nk’ifite agaciro kurusha indi. Ni yo mpamvu ku rwego mpuzamahanga, iyo havuzwe "podium", hahita humvikana umwanya w’abegukanye zahabu, ifeza n’umuringa.

Nubwo nta tegeko mpuzamahanga ryigeze ritegeka ko hagomba guhembwa abantu batatu gusa, amateka y’imikino ya Olempike n’umuco wagiye ukwirakwira mu marushanwa atandukanye ni byo byagize uruhare rukomeye mu gutuma uwo mubare uba ihame rikurikizwa henshi ku isi. Uyu munsi, guhemba uwa mbere, uwa kabiri n’uwa gatatu ni uburyo bwo guha agaciro abahize abandi, gukomeza ishyaka ryo guhatana no kubungabunga icyubahiro cy’intsinzi, ari na byo byatumye uwo muco ukomeza kubaho kugeza n’ubu.

Jacques Roger NSHIMIYIMANA